Dr. Ashraf Ahmed Ali Abdel Karim

Associate Professor of Settlement and Geographic Information Systems – Research Center, Ministry of Housing, Saudi Arabia

Vol. 17 | No. 1, 1447 - 2025

Summary

The spatiotemporal modelling is considered important to simulate detail floods in urban areas in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and in urban areas that are subject to inundation which is considered one of the challenges in hydrological studies. It is considered one of the important factors in decision making from the political and strategic sides

The importance of this study is to develop an integrated methodology to build Spatiotemporal modelling for floods in urban areas where main streams affect it in Ad-Dilam City, Al Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia which is subject to frequent floods and comparing it with historical ones. This can be conducted by developing integrated maps which are: inundation maps for floods, flood depth maps, flood velocity maps, flood hazard maps and solutions with recommendations to reduce the negative impact of floods and increase the awareness by 2D hydrodynamic modelling

To perform this, a compilation between remote sensing and geographical information system and the hydrological modeling by Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC HMS) and the hydraulic software Hydrologic Engineering Center– River Analysis System (HEC-RAS).

The study resulted that Ad-Dilam city is subject to floods due to its location at the intersection of several streams among them: Wadi Mawan, Wadi Al Gharib, Wadi AlAmiki, Wadi Al Hariq, Wadi Al Sot, Wadi AlAysar, and the results of this was that 30.96% of the Delim City is subject to floods for the 100 year return period while 30.49% is located in urban area of elevated level and located in nasiriyah, Al Dirah, Al Khalidiyah while 21.86% of the urban area is subject to medium floods risk in Omayriyah, Al Faysaliyah, Al Sahnah while the rest which is 47.65% is low risk which is Al Shifaa, Sider, Yasmin, Al Ein, Al Salmaniyah, Al Olya. Therefore, the study recommends engineering mitigation measure to protect Delim from floods.

Keywords: Spatiotemporal modelling, hydrodynamic modeling, geometics, flood risk, hydrological model (HEC HMS), hydraulic model (HEC RAS), Ad Dilam City